**Lesson Plan: Primary 4 Prevocational Studies**
**Topic:** Maintenance and Care of Farm Tools + Basic Stitches
**Duration:** 1 hour
**Objectives:**
By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
1. Identify various farm tools.
2. Understand the importance of maintaining and caring for farm tools.
3. Demonstrate basic maintenance procedures for farm tools.
4. Learn and practice basic stitches (running stitch and backstitch).
**Materials Needed:**
- Pictures of various farm tools (hoe, cutlass, rake, watering can, etc.)
- Actual samples of farm tools (if available)
- Cleaning materials (water, soap, oil)
- Sharpening stone or file
- Pieces of fabric (felt or cotton)
- Needles and thread
- Scissors
**Introduction (10 minutes):**
1. Greet the students and introduce the topic of the lesson.
2. Show pictures or samples of different farm tools and ask students to identify them.
3. Discuss why the maintenance and care of farm tools are essential for efficiency, safety, and longevity.
**Teaching Points:**
**Part 1: Maintenance and Care of Farm Tools (20 minutes)**
1. **Identification of Farm Tools:**
- Display each tool.
- Encourage students to name the tools and discuss their uses.
2. **Common Farm Tools:**
- Hoe
- Cutlass
- Rake
- Watering Can
- Hand Fork
3. **Maintenance Procedures:**
- Cleaning: Demonstrate how to clean tools using water and a brush, and removing dirt after use.
- Sharpening: Show how to use a sharpening stone or file (explain that this should be done with adult supervision).
- Oiling: Apply oil to metal parts to prevent rust (e.g., a cutlass).
4. **Care Tips:**
- Store tools in a dry place.
- Regularly check for damage and repair or replace tools as needed.
- Always use tools for their intended purpose to avoid damage.
**Part 2: Basic Stitches (20 minutes)**
1. **Introduction to Basic Stitches:**
- Explain the importance of knowing basic stitches in farming (e.g., mending sacks).
2. **Running Stitch:**
- Demonstrate the running stitch step-by-step.
- Give students fabric, needle, and thread to practice.
- Walk around the classroom to assist and guide students as they try the stitch.
3. **Backstitch:**
- Demonstrate the backstitch, explaining how it is stronger than the running stitch.
- Allow students to practice backstitch on their fabric.
**Practice and Reinforcement (5 minutes):**
- Pair students and let them demonstrate maintenance of a farm tool to each other.
- Have students display their stitched fabrics and give positive feedback.
**Conclusion (5 minutes):**
1. Recap the importance of maintaining farm tools and being able to perform basic stitches.
2. Ask a few students to explain what they learned about tool maintenance and stitching.
3. Assign a simple homework task (e.g., draw and name three farm tools, or practice stitching at home).
**Assessment:**
- Observe students during the practical activities to assess their understanding and skills.
- Review students' homework in the next lesson.
**Extension Activity (Optional):**
- Organize a small gardening activity where students can use some of the farm tools under supervision. This reinforces practical learning and application of tool maintenance and proper usage.
**Additional Notes:**
- Ensure all activities are conducted in a safe environment.
- Encourage students to ask questions if they are unclear about any step.
**End of Lesson.**